treewide: bump go to 1.23.1

Also removing two checks which are useless for us as they validate usage
of cockroach internal type usage.

Change-Id: Ia0f920baa4dfd3068e6669f1ca5363f227ce67de
Reviewed-on: https://review.monogon.dev/c/monogon/+/3452
Reviewed-by: Serge Bazanski <serge@monogon.tech>
Tested-by: Jenkins CI
diff --git a/build/bazel/go.MODULE.bazel b/build/bazel/go.MODULE.bazel
index b82a189..c3ccadc 100644
--- a/build/bazel/go.MODULE.bazel
+++ b/build/bazel/go.MODULE.bazel
@@ -1,5 +1,5 @@
 go_sdk = use_extension("@io_bazel_rules_go//go:extensions.bzl", "go_sdk")
-go_sdk.download(version = "1.22.5")
+go_sdk.download(version = "1.23.1")
 go_sdk.nogo(nogo = "//build/analysis:nogo")
 
 go_deps = use_extension("@bazel_gazelle//:extensions.bzl", "go_deps")